Topical steroids are steroid medicines that are applied directly to the skin to relieve inflammation, itching, and allergic reactions. They work by reducing the actions of cells and chemicals that cause inflammation. Topical steroids come in many forms including creams, ointments, lotions, gels, and solutions. The strength of topical steroids varies from super potent to mild.
Usage and Conditions Treated
Topical steroids are commonly used to treat a variety of skin conditions involving inflammation such as eczema, psoriasis, allergic contact dermatitis and certain rashes. More potent topical steroids are normally used for short periods of time to treat flare-ups of inflammatory skin diseases, while milder topical steroids are used for long-term control of chronic conditions. Topical steroids work very effectively to reduce itching, swelling and redness associated with inflammatory skin diseases.
Choosing the Right Strength
When selecting a Topical Corticosteroids, it is important to choose one that matches the severity of the skin condition. Stronger topical steroids are reserved for short term or crisis use to rapidly suppress flare-ups of inflammatory skin diseases. Once the flare subsides, a milder topical steroid should be used. Continued long term use of high potency topical steroids can cause side effects, so the goal is usually to use the lowest strength that controls the symptoms. For mild intermittent cases, over-the-counter hydrocortisone cream may be sufficient.
Potential Side Effects
While topical corticosteroids are highly effective, they do come with the risk of potential side effects if misused or used long term, especially at high potencies:
– Skin thinning – Long term use can cause the skin to thin out, making it fragile and more prone to injury or infection. Risk is greater on skin folds, face and groin areas.
– Stretch marks and striae – Form due to skin thinning in areas like breasts, abdomen, hips and thighs.
– Easy bruising – Thinning of the skin means it is easier for small blood vessels to burst near the surface.
– Acne flare-ups – Prolonged use can cause or worsen acne in some people.
– Hyperpigmentation – Skin discoloration occurs due to inflammation suppression. Risk is higher in darker skin.
– Rebound redness – Skin flares back worse when treatment is stopped due to dependency forming.
– Withdrawal effects – Similar effects to rebound redness if treatment abruptly stopped after long term high potency use.
– Skin atrophy – Permanent thinning and damage to deeper layers of skin from misuse of very potent topical steroids.
– Systemic absorption – Very small amounts entering bloodstream with high potency steroid used on large surface areas or under occlusion. Rarely causes side effects.
Proper Use and Prevention of Side Effects
The key to preventing topical corticosteroid side effects is proper use under medical guidance. Important guidelines include:
– Apply a pea sized amount to affected areas only, avoiding uninflamed skin and sensitive areas.
– Use the lowest potency that adequately controls symptoms.
– Limit prolonged use of high potency steroids.
– Gradually taper doses as condition improves rather than stopping abruptly.
– Apply moisturizer or wet dressings to affected areas after use to prevent over-absorption.
– Consult doctor if side effects like skin irritation or flare-up occur. Early detection helps avoid serious issues.
– Use sun protection on areas treated to prevent hyperpigmentation worsening.
– Do periodic treatment breaks with milder steroids or emollients to avoid dependency forming.
Overall, topical corticosteroids offer very effective relief from inflammatory skin conditions when used appropriately for limited periods under medical guidance. Following proper application instructions and preventative measures helps minimize potential side effect risks. When used correctly, topical steroids can significantly improve quality of life for people dealing with inflammatory skin diseases.
*Note:
1. Source: Coherent Market Insights, Public sources, Desk research
2. We have leveraged AI tools to mine information and compile it
