A recent article published in the IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics sheds light on the potential impacts of rapidly evolving photovoltaic (PV) module technologies on module reliability. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) researchers conducted a review to identify future reliability risks associated with projected technological changes in PV modules.
The Durable Module Materials (DuraMAT) Consortium, of which NREL is a part, focuses on anticipating and mitigating module reliability risks. Teresa Barnes, director of the DuraMAT Consortium and one of the article’s authors, emphasized the importance of identifying future reliability benefits and challenges as module materials and designs evolve.
The researchers synthesized information from various sources, including market reports, interviews with PV researchers, and peer-reviewed literature, to link academic concerns with market concerns. This enabled them to capture rapidly evolving knowledge and perspectives on crystalline silicon modules and identify 11 key technology trends within four categories: module architecture, interconnects, bifacial technology, and cell technology.
One significant trend highlighted in the article is the shift from monofacial to bifacial module designs, which extract energy from sunlight received at the back as well as the front of the module. This transition necessitates the replacement of opaque polymers with glass on the back of modules and the use of thinner glass on both sides. The researchers also noted the increased use of polyolefin-based encapsulants in this evolving design.
The evolution towards bifacial technology introduces unique reliability considerations, such as potential-induced degradation mechanisms on the back side of bifacial cells and modules. Specific tests tailored to this configuration will be essential to ensure reliability. Research on the use of thinner glass for hail impacts and structural integrity, as well as the use of mixed encapsulants and transparent polymer backsheets, will also be crucial for enhancing reliability.
The article underscores the importance of the PV reliability learning cycle in maintaining module quality amidst technological advancements. This cycle involves a series of steps from product introduction to field diagnostics, failure analysis, accelerated tests, and standards development, culminating in lifetime estimation and predictive modeling.
While the current article focused on crystalline silicon modules, the research team plans to delve into thin-film technologies in a follow-up article. The continuous evolution of predictive models and reliability assessment methods allows researchers to proactively address potential reliability issues before they manifest in the market.
By staying ahead of the curve and adapting to technological changes, the PV industry can ensure the continued reliability and sustainability of photovoltaic modules in the global decarbonization efforts.
*Note:
1. Source: Coherent Market Insights, Public sources, Desk research
2. We have leveraged AI tools to mine information and compile it
Ravina Pandya, Content Writer, has a strong foothold in the market research industry. She specializes in writing well-researched articles from different industries, including food and beverages, information and technology, healthcare, chemical and materials, etc. With an MBA in E-commerce, she has an expertise in SEO-optimized content that resonates with industry professionals.