A recent analysis of a tool dating back 300,000 years has provided evidence that our ancestors possessed advanced woodworking skills. The tool in question is a 77-cm-long double-pointed wooden throwing stick discovered in Shöningen, Germany in 1994. By utilizing advanced technologies such as micro-CT scanning, three-dimensional microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, researchers from the University of Reading were able to gain new insights into the craftsmanship and functionality of the tool. This discovery has significantly expanded our understanding of the capabilities and behaviors of early humans.
Lead researcher Annemieke Milks, from the University of Reading’s Department of Archaeology, explains that the finding of wooden tools has revolutionized our understanding of ancient human behaviors. The analysis revealed that our ancestors possessed foresight, a deep understanding of wood properties, and intricate woodworking skills that are still utilized today. Remarkably, the researchers were able to identify the type of tree the wood came from, estimate its age, determine that it was a branch piece, and discover the meticulous workmanship performed by the tool’s creator. The tool was likely designed for hunting and had been carefully carved, sanded, and sealed to ensure durability in various weather conditions.
Co-author Dirk Leder states that the Schöningen humans used a spruce branch to create this aerodynamic and ergonomic tool. The woodworking process involved multiple steps, including cutting and stripping the bark, carving it into a streamlined shape, further refining the surface, seasoning the wood to prevent damage, and sanding it for improved grip. These findings indicate that the tool was intended for long-term use and may have been passed down to younger members of the group to teach them hunting skills.
The lightweight nature of the throwing sticks suggests that they were easier to throw than heavier spears, allowing the entire community, including children, to participate in hunting activities. The researchers believe that this particular tool was primarily used to hunt medium-sized animals like deer, hares, and birds. Despite its spear-like appearance, it was likely thrown like a boomerang, with enough spin to ensure a lethal impact.
While the exact species of our ancestors who displayed these woodworking skills remains uncertain, it is believed to be either Homo heidelbergensis or H. neanderthalensis. Principal investigator Thomas Terberger promises further exciting discoveries about these early wooden weapons in the future.
For those interested, the 300,000-year-old wooden throwing stick is currently on display at the Forschungsmuseum in Schöningen.
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- Source: Coherent Market Insights, Public sources, Desk research
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